Data

Download the data used in our analysis.

About the data

Standardized stop data are available to download (by location) from the table below. We provide these data in both CSV and RDS formats. In addition, shapefiles are available for select locations. The table includes a subset of common fields for each location, and indicates whether data are available for at least 70% of records in that location. Some locations have more fields. The reasons for this are documented in the README file. We encourage you to review the location-specific details in the README file before getting started working with the data on your own.

The original, unprocessed data we collected contain even more information. We do not document the raw data, but we do provide any documentation we received. Please contact us to access the original records. Additional policing data are available through OpenPoliceData.

The Stanford Open Policing Project data are made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License.

When using the data in research publications, please cite our paper:
E. Pierson, C. Simoiu, J. Overgoor, S. Corbett-Davies, D. Jenson, A. Shoemaker, V. Ramachandran, P. Barghouty, C. Phillips, R. Shroff, and S. Goel. “A large-scale analysis of racial disparities in police stops across the United States”. Nature Human Behaviour, Vol. 4, 2020.

Data downloads

Please note that many of these datasets are too large for Excel and will require programs like R or Python to open.

State Download Stops Time Range
Stop Date
Stop Time
Stop Location
Driver Race
Driver Sex
Driver Age
Search Conducted
Contraband Found
Citation Issued
Warning Issued
Frisk Performed
Arrest Made
Reason for Stop
Violation
AR
Little Rock R 13641 2017-01-01 - 2017-11-03
AZ
Gilbert R 480599 2 2008-01-01 - 2018-05-23
Mesa R 157015 2 2014-01-01 - 2019-09-23
State Patrol R 3494153 2 2009-01-06 - 2017-12-31
CA
Anaheim R 87876 2012-01-01 - 2017-03-14
Bakersfield R 189685 2008-03-09 - 2018-03-09
Long Beach R 365924 2 2008-01-01 - 2017-12-31
Los Angeles R 5418400 2 2010-01-01 - 2018-06-23
Oakland R 133405 2 2013-04-01 - 2017-12-31
San Bernardino R 90523 2011-12-13 - 2017-09-19
San Diego R 382844 2014-01-01 - 2017-03-31
San Francisco R 905070 2007-01-01 - 2016-06-30
San Jose R 152833 2 2013-09-01 - 2018-03-31
Santa Ana R 46268 2 2014-06-11 - 2018-04-13
State Patrol R 31778515 2009-07-01 - 2016-06-30
Stockton R 41629 2012-01-01 - 2016-12-31
CO
Aurora R 257606 2 2012-01-01 - 2020-07-31
Denver R 1870731 2 2010-12-31 - 2018-07-19
State Patrol R 3112852 2010-01-01 - 2017-12-31
CT
Hartford R 18435 2013-10-13 - 2016-09-29
State Patrol1 R 1175339 2013-10-01 - 2015-10-01
FL
Saint Petersburg R 16383 2010-01-01 - 2010-07-29
State Patrol R 7297538 2010-01-01 - 2018-12-31
Tampa R 2849017 2000-03-02 - 2018-03-07
GA
State Patrol R 1906772 2012-01-01 - 2016-12-31
IA
State Patrol R 2441335 2006-01-01 - 2016-04-25
ID
Idaho Falls R 104814 2 2008-08-13 - 2016-07-25
IL
Chicago R 2108098 2 2012-01-01 - 2020-05-16
State Patrol1 R 12748173 2012-01-01 - 2017-12-31
IN
Fort Wayne R 265019 2007-09-01 - 2017-09-30
KS
Wichita R 1030376 2 2006-01-01 - 2020-05-15
KY
Louisville R 146560 2015-01-01 - 2020-06-16
Owensboro R 6921 2 2015-09-01 - 2017-09-01
LA
New Orleans R 512088 2 2010-01-01 - 2018-07-18
MA
State Patrol R 3416238 2007-01-01 - 2015-12-31
MD
Baltimore R 854759 2 2011-01-01 - 2017-12-30
State Patrol1 R 3587052 2007-01-01 - 2014-03-31
MI
State Patrol R 800302 2001-07-06 - 2016-05-09
MN
Saint Paul R 675156 2001-01-01 - 2016-12-13
MO
State Patrol1 R 10038706 2010-01-01 - 2015-01-01
MS
State Patrol1 R 758412 2013-01-01 - 2016-07-27
MT
State Patrol R 921216 2009-01-01 - 2017-12-31
NC
Charlotte R 1598453 2000-01-01 - 2015-12-31
Durham R 326024 2001-12-28 - 2015-12-31
Fayetteville R 486998 2000-01-07 - 2015-12-31
Greensboro R 600031 2000-01-04 - 2015-12-31
Raleigh R 856400 2002-01-01 - 2015-12-31
State Patrol1 R 20286645 2000-01-01 - 2015-12-31
Winston-Salem R 452560 2000-01-11 - 2015-12-31
ND
Grand Forks R 82535 2 2007-01-01 - 2016-12-31
State Patrol R 330132 2010-01-01 - 2015-06-25
NE
State Patrol R 9031494 2002-01-01 - 2016-10-01
NH
State Patrol R 259822 2014-01-01 - 2015-12-31
NJ
Camden R 195100 2 2013-05-01 - 2020-01-29
State Patrol R 3845334 2009-01-01 - 2016-12-31
NV
Henderson R 111089 2011-06-30 - 2019-11-12
State Patrol R 737282 2012-02-14 - 2016-05-31
NY
Albany R 74093 2008-01-01 - 2017-12-30
State Patrol R 7962169 2010-01-01 - 2017-12-14
OH
Cincinnati R 315281 2 2009-01-01 - 2018-05-28
Columbus R 128157 2012-01-01 - 2016-12-30
State Patrol R 7225577 2010-01-01 - 2017-12-31
OK
Oklahoma City R 945107 2 2011-01-01 - 2020-11-19
Tulsa R 438248 2 2009-01-01 - 2016-12-31
OR
State Patrol R 1058518 2010-01-01 - 2014-01-01
PA
Philadelphia R 1865096 2 2014-01-01 - 2018-04-14
RI
State Patrol R 509671 2005-01-02 - 2015-12-31
SC
State Patrol R 8983807 2 2005-01-01 - 2016-12-31
SD
State Patrol R 435895 2012-01-01 - 2016-02-29
TN
Nashville R 3092351 2010-01-01 - 2019-03-24
State Patrol R 3828141 2000-01-01 - 2016-06-26
TX
Arlington R 112526 2 2016-01-01 - 2016-12-31
Austin R 483255 2006-01-01 - 2016-06-30
Garland R 159840 2012-01-03 - 2019-06-22
Houston R 2045972 2014-01-01 - 2020-11-04
Lubbock R 546101 2 2008-05-01 - 2018-04-30
Plano R 249043 2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31
San Antonio R 1301103 2 2012-01-01 - 2020-06-30
State Patrol R 27426840 2006-01-01 - 2017-12-31
VA
State Patrol R 5006847 2006-01-07 - 2016-04-23
VT
Burlington R 36842 2012-01-01 - 2020-05-27
State Patrol R 283285 2010-07-01 - 2015-12-31
WA
Seattle R 319959 2 2006-01-01 - 2015-12-31
State Patrol R 11333425 2009-01-01 - 2018-09-30
Tacoma R 271912 2 2007-09-11 - 2017-09-10
WI
Madison R 331450 2007-09-28 - 2020-06-16
State Patrol R 1058816 2010-01-01 - 2016-05-16
WY
State Patrol R 172948 2011-01-01 - 2012-12-31

1 Includes data from local jurisdictions in addition to state patrol stops.

2 Includes pedestrian in addition to vehicular stops.